Vasily Sapozhnikov. ORIGINAL TEXT https://ourpasttime.blogspot.com/p/blog-page_13.html
Chris Kremers and Lisanne Frone. The girls who disappeared in the jungle of Panama.
Introduction.
The tragic event took place on April 1, 2014, and soon publications about this incident appeared in the Panamanian press, and then in the media of other countries of the world community. Perhaps someone will have a fair question: "So what is so mysterious here?" Indeed, there are many examples of mysterious disappearances of tourists in various exotic corners of the world. Someone was found alive by rescue teams, in some cases skeletal remains of a lost person were found, which proved the death of the traveler from natural conditions. For example, from injuries, from hunger or dehydration, from the loss of physical and mental ability to resist the forces of nature, including predatory animals or various insects, by the way, the bites of some of them are extremely painful and can even cause intoxication of the human body with a fatal outcome for him ... Sometimes, nothing was found at all. In this case, the disappeared person was recognized as missing, as a rule, forever.
In the story related to the disappearance of Kris Kremers and Lisanne Froon, there are a lot of contradictory, difficult to explain facts, the presence of which makes it difficult to make an unambiguous conclusion about the specific place of their death and about the true cause that caused their death. Even experts of the criminal police and specialized search groups of the state of the Netherlands were involved in the investigation of the disappearance of the girls.
There are several versions of the death of two young ladies in the vast jungle sea of the country of Panama [1]. The first and the official one, got lost and perished. Second, they were killed by a maniac. Third, they were eliminated by unknown persons in order to take possession of the internal organs of the girls for sale. Fourth - kidnapped for the purpose of selling into sexual slavery. Another version of the disappearance of the girls is a banal robbery accompanied by murder, and this crime was most likely committed by a small group of people. It is possible that Chris and Lesanne were raped. Quite logical, the criminals had to kill them. If the young women were left alive, then, later, in the police, they could indicate who carried out this daring attack.
In this publication, the author, based on an analysis of the information presented in the blog koudekaas.blogspot.com [1], in the Panamanian press, as well as on a thorough study of the facts that have recently appeared in the world's media, including the Internet, suggests a chronologically systematized and logically grounded reconstruction of tragic events.
The following explanations need to be made. Firstly, Kris Kremers and Lisanne Froon are Dutch names, and according to the transcriptor [2], from Dutch into Russian they are spoken and written as Chris Kremers and Lisanne Froon. The use of English phonetics in this case is unacceptable, as this leads to distortion of the names of the affected persons. Secondly, given that the events took place in the Republic of Panama, the geographical terms and names of the people of the local population are reproduced in brackets in Spanish. In addition, Panama time will be indicated in the text. And the last - the study of the mysterious history is based only on reliable facts known to date and confirmed by investigative or other materials. Various assumptions that do not have objective justification are not considered in this publication. Follow me.
Meet Chris Kremers and Lisanne Frone.
Lisanne reached the age of 22, had a height of 184 centimeters, her hair was light brown, her eyes were brown. The second girl (Chris) is 21 years old. The shade of the hair is light red, the eyes are blue, the height according to various sources was 167 - 172 centimeters [1]. Both were attractive high school graduates. The girls met during their part-time job in a cafe in the Dutch city of Amersfoort. This is an ordinary small legal business, common among students in Europe and the USA. A friendly relationship arose between the girls. Chris told her friend about the trip to Peru, made by her earlier with her parents, as well as about the great impression this Latin American continent made on her mind. Lisanne was intrigued, and when Chris invited her to go to the Republic of Panama for a vacation, combining it with studying Spanish and doing volunteer work, Fron happily agreed. Of course, all these events were carefully planned, and through a travel agency, taking into account the wishes of the girls, they were invited to visit the town of Bocas dell Toro in the province of Bocas dell Toro and the town of Bajo Boquete. located in the province of Chiriqui. The contract was signed and paid in full, but no one then knew that it would be a one-way ticket. On March 15, 2014, a small photo session took place at the Amsterdam airport before the plane took off (photographs from the archives of people who accompanied the girls on the trip [1]).
Hello Panama!
The plane safely crossed the Atlantic Ocean, taking off on the Amsterdam (Netherlands) - San Jose (Costa Rica) route. Flight time is 11 hours 40 minutes. From the landing airport, the girls went to the small Panamanian town of Almirante, located on the shores of the Caribbean Sea (Atlantic coast). Naturally, we had to cross the border dividing Costa Rica and Panama, but for people living in European countries, there is a visa-free travel regime for tourists between these two Latin American states.
From the city of Almirante, a water taxi runs every hour from 8:00 am to 6:00 pm every hour. This is a boat or ferry that delivers tourists who want to relax on the various beaches of the Bocas dell Toro archipelago. The girls used one of these vehicles, and after 20 minutes found themselves in a paradise of the world on Isla Colon, the administrative center of which is the city of Bocas dell Toro. Staying in this place from March 16 to March 29 was part of the plans of the young women. Firstly, there is a school for the study of the Spanish language, which has the name “Spanish by the Sea”, and in which the girls had to take the initial course of study. Secondly, they wanted to enjoy the sunny weather and warm ocean water before their trip to the city of Bajo Boquete, which is located far from the ocean coast. Five kilometers from this settlement, at the entrance to the village of Palmira, there is a school “Spanish by the River - Boquete”, whose mailing address is Palmira, Entrega General, 0 Boquete, Panama. It is a subsidiary of the Spanish by the Sea Corporation [11]. It was there that the girls were supposed to continue studying Spanish and carry out volunteer work in a village settlement.
Every day, the girls called their parents on their mobile phones, shared their impressions and plans (a fact confirmed by the testimony of relatives during the investigation [1]). Of course, the girls took numerous photos using their cell phones and digital camera, but this information will not be available until June 2014, two months after Chris and Lisanne disappeared. For a better understanding of the events leading up to the disappearance of the girls, let us present some photographs of young women on the Atlantic coast.
The full volume of photographs taken by girls in Bocas dell Toro and elsewhere on Island Colon is presented in [1], [3].
Each young woman had a notebook in which the main events of the past days were recorded. These documents were found by the police in Chris and Lisanne's living room after they disappeared.
Particular attention of travelers was attracted by the Pianista trail (Sendero El Pianista), leading to the top of the hill, which does not have an official geographical name, and whose height is 1,852 meters above sea level. The local population calls it Mount Mirador, which in Spanish means an observation deck, and there is indeed a small flat meadow created by nature, from which tourists have an amazing view of the surrounding landscape. In addition, there are charming waterfalls near this hill. However, the girls were warned that excursions to any of these attractions should be made only with the accompaniment of a local guide, a professional tourist guide [1]. Based on the tragedy that happened, Chris and Lisanne did not follow this advice.
The first questions that arose from the police after the disappearance of the girls: who and when saw the young women alive for the last time in the area of the Pianista trail (Sendero El Pianisto). They turned out to be a taxi driver and the owner of a cafe located fifty meters from the beginning of the trail [1]. Their testimony indicates that they saw Chris and Lisanne on the afternoon of April 1st. However, it can be proven that these witnesses were wrong and provided incorrect information. They contacted the girls on March 31st! There are compelling arguments for this claim.
March 31, 2014. Morning and afternoon.
It was Monday, and the events of the day were reconstructed from Chris and Lisanna's diaries. After breakfast, the young women headed to an orphanage located in the village of Palmira to introduce themselves and agree on a schedule and scope of volunteer activities, which was to begin on April 1st. This is a perfectly logical decision, and any sane person would do the same. There they were greeted unfriendly, and even hostilely, by a woman. She said that it was not possible to provide jobs for young ladies. The frustrated girls returned to their room, and then they decided to head to the Spanish language school to clarify the situation with the head of this training center and at the same time the coordinator of the volunteer service. Ms. Marjolaine was shocked by the girls' message and suggested that they organize work on another project [1]. The young women agreed to this option, but it took time to reissue the permits. Marjolaine inquired about the girls' plans during forced unemployment. Chris and Lisanne replied that they would like to take several excursions: visit the top of the extinct volcan Buru, the observation deck on Mount Mirador and admire the magnificent waterfalls that were in its vicinity. The head of the school, aware of the dangers of jungle travel, gave them a visiting card of a local guide, which was discovered by the police in Chris and Lisanna's room after they disappeared. His name is Feliciano.
The cost of the guide's services, depending on the complexity of the route, was at that time up to $ 45. The girls thanked the female curator of the Spanish language school, who guaranteed to ensure that they would meet on the campus with Signor Feliciano at nine o'clock on the morning of April 2 to schedule the excursions. In addition, the young women asked for permission to use the computer lab to familiarize themselves with the routes of the upcoming hikes [1].
After that, at 13 hours 10 minutes Chris and Lisanne left the school building [1]. The girls had enough free time, and they decided to see where the Sendero El Pianista trail is. At 13:40, taxi driver Leonardo Arturo Gonzalez took the girls to a roadside cafe near this trail. At this point they parted [1], [4].
Subsequently, Leonardo gave the police additional information. According to him, when he stopped the car near the girls who were hitchhiking, there were two young men of Panamanian origin in the cabin of his taxi. [1] By the way, in Panama, a taxi driver, without asking for the consent of customers, can stop the transport at any time in order to pick up fellow travelers [12]. Business is business.
Leonardo, who knew English within his professional career [1], asked the standard question: "Where are young ladies going?" They introduced themselves: “I am Chris”, “My Name is Lisanne”; and then they answered him in Spanish: "Sendero El Pianista" (Pianist's path). This destination was in the direction of the taxi route and the driver said “OK”. Chris took the front passenger seat next to Leonardo. Lisanne was forced to sit in the back of the car, next to the Panamanians. The young taxi driver, then 33 years old [4], [14], fascinated by the presence of European women, continued the conversation during the trip, which is a natural desire for temperamental Panamanian drivers. Chris tried to communicate with him in Spanish, because it presented a practical opportunity to use the initial knowledge of this language, which she acquired at the Spanish by the Sea school in Bocas dell Toro. The young woman, having lost her caution in talking to a stranger, explained to Leonardo that she and Lisanna wanted to know where the Sendero El Pianista trail was in order to walk a little along it. And tomorrow morning, April 1, the friends plan to hike along the trail to the observation deck located on the top of the mountain, which the locals call Mirador. Of course, two unknown Panamanians, who were in the back of the taxi, heard this information, they could well have a criminal plot against the girls.
From the subsequent testimony of Leonardo at the police station, it follows that two young men left his car before Chris and Lisanne; after that he took the girls to the IL Pianista cafe and never saw them again [1]. The taxi driver also said that he did not know the male passengers. However, it is possible that these people were known to him, and Leonardo deliberately kept it quiet, because they were members of a local criminal group associated with the mafia, and the taxi driver feared for his life. He realized that there was a real threat of his destruction as an unwanted witness, and the taxi driver's fears were not in vain. Eleven months after the disappearance of the young women, Leonardo died tragically under mysterious circumstances at the age of 34 [4], [14]. Perhaps the active actions of journalists and independent experts, who sought to resume the investigation, which had already been closed by that time, provoked criminal structures to eliminate the taxi driver. Moreover, the police admitted the possibility of further investigation [1].
IL Pianista cafe.
The indicated food point still exists. There, for tourists, before the difficult ascent to the observation deck (Mirador), delicious and inexpensive Panamanian dishes are offered. In addition, travelers always have a large selection of food products at their disposal, packaged in sealed packages.
On that day, March 31, 2014, the owner of the cafe, Italian Giovanni, happily greeted the customers - Chris and Lisanne. However, he was surprised by the girls' willingness to take the Sendero El Pianista trail without a guide. They reassured him, saying that just out of curiosity they would walk in this direction, but they would not invade the jungle. According to the owner of the restaurant business, he provided the young women with his dog. She often performed the function of escorting tourists. After a while, the animal returned, but without the girls. This happened in about an hour and a half [1], which corresponds to the travel time on the Pianista trail (Sendero El Pianista) to the jungle and back, that is, 90 minutes. Giovanni did not bother, deciding that Chris and Lisanne went to their place of residence after this walk.
There is also evidence from the manager of the local equestrian center [1]. It follows from them that he saw two girls that day at about 16:00. "They were sweaty and hot." However, the witness was not sure if it was Chris and Lisanne. The young women walked towards the nearest bus stop, apparently to leave by public or passing transport.
March 31, 2014. Evening. House of Miriam.
It was established that at 6:00 pm Chris and Lisanne were in a massage session. At 20:30 they returned to their apartment [1], and according to the testimony of the hostess of the house, she and the two girls dined that evening together [5]. And now comes additional and compelling evidence that Chris and Lisanne slept at Miriam's house on March 31st. In the notebooks of young women, the same unpleasant events of the past day are described, but under different dates, but there are no contradictions here, on the contrary, there is an objective explanation for this. Lisanne made a diary entry in the late evening of March 31, then the girl fell asleep. Chris made a similar entry in her diary when the first of April had already come, so she indicated that exact date. And now the most important thing that follows from Chris's notebook. She wrote: “Let there be hope for another volunteer project, but for now we will go to the Panama Streams” [3]. This is, firstly, irrefutable confirmation of the planned journey of young women to the top of the local mountain Mirador (Mirador) on April 1, 2014. Secondly, the lack of mention of the name of the guide in the diaries of both girls indicates that the participation of this professional guide in the upcoming excursion was excluded. Perhaps they decided to save money and go this way on their own using the card.
April 1st, 2014. Tuesday. Morning day Evening.
The owner of the house told the police that in the morning she prepared breakfast for the girls and went to work [5], [6]. Returning after a hard day (about 16 hours), the woman found that Chris and Lisanne had breakfast, but in the evening they did not appear in their room. Miriam became worried and asked about the girls from her daughter, who said that she saw the young women leave the house in the morning, in very light clothes and one of the girls was carrying a small bag [6]. An unambiguous conclusion follows from this fact: the last person to see Chris and Lisanna alive on April 1, 2014 was the daughter of the hostess of the house, and proof of the veracity of her words is the bag later found, which turned out to be a backpack that belonged to one of the missing girls (Lisanna) [7].
Late that evening, Miriam suggested that perhaps the young women had decided to spend the evening with friends, and she, reassured by this reasoning, went to bed.
April 2nd, 2014. Wednesday. Morning day Evening.
On this day, the guide Feliciano and the curator of the Spanish Studies Center expected Chris and Lisanne to arrive at 9:00 am, as previously agreed with the young women. However, the girls did not appear at this time; they were not there at ten o'clock, nor at eleven o'clock. The guide was alarmed because he planned to make good money on the upcoming excursions.
Feliciano, accompanied by the school manager, went to Miriam. There he explained the situation to the mistress of the house [5], [6]. The three men surveyed the area around the house, but found no sign of the young women. Miriam provided the conductor with a duplicate key to the room where Chris and Lisanna lived. Entering the premises, the worried people saw the situation, which unambiguously confirmed the fact that at night from April 1 to April 2, the girls were absent from the apartments [1]. An experienced guide made the decision not to panic and wait for the evening, because there was a hope that they would return. But that did not happen. The waiting time limit was reached, and for this reason the guide Feliciano made an official statement about the disappearance of Chris and Lisanna at the Bajo Boquete police station at 7:30 pm on April 2, 2014 [1]. Employees of the investigative department of law enforcement agencies of this settlement responded absolutely adequately to this message and, in accordance with the well-known Russian proverb “The morning is wiser than the evening,” they went to bed (in English there is a similar expression “The Night brings counsel”).
April 3rd, 2014. Thursday. Morning. House of Miriam.
The police inspected and photographed the young women’s room. The full volume of investigative photographs is presented in [1], [3].
The guide Feliciano on the same day made a hike along the Sendero El Pianisto trail to the observation deck on Mount Mirador, but, according to him, did not find any traces of the girls [1]. Panama's professional rescue units were brought in to find Chris and Lisanne. Later, a search team from the Netherlands was sent to search for the missing young women. Local professional guides provided great volunteer assistance. By April 8, 25 trails were checked, but no girls or traces of their presence were found there [5]. The search continued. Two months after the disappearance of Chris and Lisanne, the first piece of evidence was found.
June 11, 2014. Wednesday. Settlement Altos del Romero (Altos dell Romero).
Near this village, located in the province of Bocas dell Toro, near the border with the province of Chiriqui, a local woman found a backpack in one of the rice fields [7]. She worked daily on these rice plantations, and therefore categorically told the police that on June 10 this bag was not there. According to the woman, the backpack and the things that were in it were found on June 11, were absolutely dry [1], despite the fact that the rainy season had already begun in that region. She delivered the find to her house, where, of course, she asked, together with family members, about the contents of the bag. This event did not become a secret for the inhabitants of the small settlement, and some of them came to the woman's house out of curiosity and, most likely, touched the discovered objects. On Thursday, June 12, law enforcement agencies in the city of Boquete (Bajo Boquete) received information about the found backpack. On Friday 13 June, Betzaida Pitti, the first senior prosecutor of that city, who oversaw the investigation into the disappearance of the girls, arrived by helicopter, accompanied by experts, to the settlement of Altos dell Romero. [7] The bag and the things that were in it were examined by experts.
Minor traces of soil and vegetation contamination were found on the outer surface of the backpack fabric [7]. Inside were: two bras, neatly styled and also slightly plant-based, two pairs of sunglasses, an empty plastic water bottle, $ 83, a Canon SX270 HS digital camera, Samsung Galaxy and iPhone 4 smartphones. the bag contained Lisanna's passport and Chris's insurance policy, and this circumstance unambiguously confirmed the belonging of the found items to the disappeared girls. All this material evidence was immediately withdrawn by experts for a more thorough examination. Subsequently, 34 fingerprints of unknown people were found: 13 on the surface of the fabric of the backpack, six on the bras of the girls, 12 on smartphones and a digital camera. And now for the shocking fact! These three gadgets were wrapped with adhesive tape and three more fingerprints were found on it [10]. Based on the testimony of the parents of the missing young women, it was established that the iPhone 4 smartphone belonged to Chris, a digital camera and a Samsung Galaxy smartphone to Lisanna. Specialists managed to get important information from them. First, photographs proving the girls' journey along the Sendero El Pianista trail to the top of the local Mirador mountain on April 1, 2014. Secondly, the time when smartphones were turned on and the specific numbers of outgoing calls made by young women [1]. Also, 90 photographs taken with a digital camera on the night of April 8, 2014 were discovered.
The Pianist's Trail (Sendero El Pianista).
The first section of the path ends in front of the jungle. If you get there by car, you will have to leave this vehicle and move on using only your legs.
It will take 35-40 minutes to overcome the second section of the Pianista trail (Sendero El Pianista). During the period of active life of the flora and fauna of the Panamanian jungle, you gradually enter a wonderful, divine world, where birdsong can be heard from all sides, butterflies of shocking color fly. There is abundant vegetation around, and the intoxicating smell of exotic flowers is in the air. Soon a bridge will appear in front of the traveler.
There is a photograph of this third section of the road taken by one of the girls as they walked towards the top of the mountain.
“WOW! We are at the top! "
Chris and Lisanne went to the observation deck and arranged a photo session there. It was established from the girls' gadgets that the photographs were taken in the time interval from 13 hours 00 minutes to 13 hours 06 minutes [1], [3].
After analyzing all the published photos on the top of the mountain, we can confidently assert that the emotional state of the girls was cheerful. And most importantly, nothing confused them and did not limit their free behavior in this place (smiles, fingers raised up; everything is super cool). Therefore, the impression is unambiguously created that there were no other people on the observation deck.
However, the time came to return home and then an event occurred that predetermined the tragic fate of the girls.
Fatal mistake Chris and Lisanna.
There are two paths leading to the top of Mount Mirador. The first is the Sendero El Pianista trail, along which the young women set out on a journey. The second, unofficially, is called "Caribbean descent" in this area; it is opposite in direction to the first and is located on the jungle side of the Bocas dell Toro province. Both trails end with an exit to the observation deck, the perimeter of which is surrounded by abundant vegetation (video [1]). Only an experienced guide could point the right direction for returning home, but there was no such guide with the young women, and after the photo session the girls were completely disoriented, and in this regard, they made a mistake and went along the "Caribbean descent" trail.
The author of the publication added additional designations in the form of three arrows. The red arrow indicates the exit to the observation deck from the side of the "Caribbean descent" trail. The blue arrow marks the summit of Mount Mirador. The orange arrow shows the direction of the Caribbean Descent Trail, which is adjoined by secondary paths leading into the jungle, away from the civilized world.
Of course, the girls from Europe did not have the “girl-scout” skills. Moreover, the initial section of the Caribbean Descent trail was similar in landscape to the Sendero El Pianista trail, and for this reason Chris and Lisanne were confident that they were going to the starting point of their hike.
Lisanne accidentally pressed the shutter button of the Canon SX270 HS when she fell. The result was an incomprehensible and unplanned photograph, which she deleted. The camera's instruction manual contains a warning: “Be careful when deleting images as they cannot be restored” [15], [16]. It is for this reason that frame IMG_509 has never been recovered by experts from the police in Panama and the Netherlands, and no one except Lisanne was involved in the destruction of the photo.
Chris told her friend that they were lost. The girls decided to go back to the top of Mount Mirador. It is quite a logical act for any person who has lost orientation in the forest, in the mountains or in any other area, when there is no confidence in the correctness of the chosen path. Chris and Lisanne went back, and based on the time of the photo IMG_508, this event happened at about 2 pm. There is no doubt that they replenished the supply of water from the stream in a plastic bottle they had, because the way back to the observation deck and then home was long, and the vegetation of the rainforest created a noticeable greenhouse effect, which contributed to the loss of moisture in the human body and the appearance of thirst.
The jungle is a maze. There are no road signs.
For this reason, Chris and Lisanne made another mistake. They found themselves on one of the secondary trails of the Caribbean Descent, which could not lead them to the top of the mountain. Two hours of fruitless wandering brought the psyche of young women into a state of panic. It is reliably known that on April 1, 2014, Chris and Lisanna called from their mobile phones to the rescue service [1]. In Panama, to call an emergency call 911 or 112. The first call was made by Chris at 4:39 pm on 112. Lisanne repeated the call, therefore the same number, at 4:51 pm. The girls failed to establish contact with the subscriber, and this circumstance did not become a shocking fact for young women. They realized that they were in the jungle, the vegetation of which creates a significant shielding effect for both mobile and satellite communications (GPS). By the way, the construction of the Canon SX270 HS camera has a function of working in the GPS mode [15], [16], but it was not included during the travel of the girls in Panama, and the research of the camera carried out by the police confirms this conclusion.
After unsuccessful attempts to establish contact with the rescue service, the girls no longer got in touch. Perhaps it is logical, due to the saving of energy resources of the batteries of their gadgets. In addition, there was also a natural factor that limited the activity of Chris and Lisanne. Sunset on that day occurred at 18 hours 40 minutes and twilight came, which ended at 19 hours 01 minutes, then night followed [17].
In the jungle, due to vegetation, it begins to darken much earlier and faster [18].
Therefore, the girls had to take care of the choice of a place to sleep in advance, and the first night was a nightmare for them. The screams of nocturnal predatory animals and the screams of birds disturbed for various reasons, attacks of blood-sucking insects (I am sure that many people are familiar with the annoying buzzing of mosquitoes and their sudden bites while falling asleep or sleeping), mysterious rustles caused by the night life of other inhabitants of the rainforest, and chills caused by fear and cold. Even in the daytime in the jungle of this area there is high humidity [8], and at night, due to the natural temperature drop, it increases even more. In this regard, the light clothes of the girls very quickly got wet through (according to the daughter of Miriam, young women were dressed in just such clothes [6], and the photographs on the observation deck of Mount Mirador fully confirm her words). To make it a little warmer, Chris and Lisanne snuggled up to each other and, gradually, the tired girls sank into a disturbing sleep.
April 2nd, 2014. Jungle.
The sun rose that day at 06 hours 28 minutes [17]. Lisanne woke up while Chris was still asleep. At six hours fifty-eight minutes she made a call to the rescue service at 112, but there was no connection [1]. At 8:14 am Chris called at the number indicated; the connection also failed [1]. The girls continued to look for a way to return home. The outerwear of young women (T-shirts) was practically dry, but the bras were still wet and created significant discomfort for the female breast. It was for this reason that they took them off and, carefully folded them, put them in a backpack, where they were later discovered. At 10 hours 53 minutes Lisanne called two numbers 112 and 911. To no avail. At 13 hours 56 minutes she tried two more times to call the rescue service [1]. In vain. After the calls made, the conventional image of the battery charge on the screen of the gadget Lisanne informed her about the low energy level of the power source. On this day, the girls no longer called, deciding to save the energy potential of smartphones, which remained the only hope of salvation for young women. There was a second night in the jungle, which was no less terrible than the previous one.
April 3rd, 2014. Jungle.
At 9 hours 33 minutes Chris tried to contact the emergency services on 911 [1]. There was no connection. Lisanne, knowing about the limited energy reserves of her mobile phone, performed a “check signal” [1] at 13.50 minutes by simply pressing the power button of the device and then turning it off after receiving information about the lack of coverage of this space by the mobile network. By the way, all actions with the gadget are automatically saved in the "call log" function or in the memory of the SIM-card of any cell phone, and they can always be restored. For the police experts, this was not a big deal later, and therefore the exact time of all the manipulations of the girls with the iPhone 4 and Samsung Galaxy is known. At 4:00 pm, Chris performed a signal test to determine the presence of a connection, unfortunately she was absent. At 16 hours 19 minutes Lisanne re-turned on her Samsung Galaxy, but received a negative result [1]. These were the last attempts of the girls to contact the civilized world that day before the onset of the third shocking night.
4th April 2014. Jungle.
At 10 hours 16 minutes and 13 hours 42 minutes Chris turned on her iPhone 4 only to determine the presence of a connection with a rescue service subscriber (“check signal”) - “dead space”, the subscriber is not available. Lisanne did not get in touch that day [1].
April 5, 2014. Jungle.
At 04:50 a check signal came from Lisanne's smartphone. At 0500 hours the device was turned on again [1], during which its Samsung Galaxy gadget was most likely discharged. It was for this reason that this girl's cell phone was never used again. Lisanna broke the news to Chris, however, with an enviable tenacity, the young women continued to search for a way to return home, but the jungle presented them with an unexpected surprise, which turned out to be a death trap.
The vegetation reliably hid a deep rocky ravine with a steep steep slope from the gaze of inexperienced travelers, and one of their careless movements (a step forward or to the right or to the left) led to a fatal outcome. Both women fell to the bottom of the gorge, the depth of which was about three and a half meters (details of determining the height of the fall below). And now let's imagine for clarity how this tragic event could have happened in reality using the example of an episode from the movie "Jurassic Park, Part 2" (the time interval of the plot is 1:15:00 - 1: 15:20) [20].
After the fall, both young women were seriously injured. Chris was particularly hard hit (her hip bone was later found broken [1]). She was now delirious, then unconscious, and only weak, rare moans and ragged breathing convinced Lisanna that her friend was still alive. Sometimes Chris asked for a drink. It is quite understandable that water had to be conserved, and the second girl poured into her mouth a small but sufficient amount of liquid from a plastic bottle, which was later found empty in her backpack [1].
Lisanne suffered a rupture of ligaments at the junction of her left foot with the lower end of her lower leg and crushing of the bones of her foot. There was no bleeding, as there was no damage to the skin, but the trauma caused a hell of a pain to the young woman. She was deprived of the opportunity to actively move. Lisanne's boot with crushed foot remains was discovered in the jungle. [1] Based on the analysis of the injuries received by both girls, it follows that the young women did not have the opportunity to independently get out of the ravine into which they fell.
April 6, 2014. Jungle.
Lisanne's Samsung Galaxy smartphone was not working and, in this regard, she used Chris's gadget (iPhone 4) to try to establish a connection with the rescue service. However, to activate this model of a mobile phone, it was necessary to enter a PIN-code to unlock the device [21]. The girl did not know him, and Chris could not communicate this information due to her confused, twilight state of consciousness. Therefore, at 10 hours 26 minutes and 13 hours 37 minutes on the iPhone 4 without entering a PIN-code, the smartphone was simply turned on and then turned off (“check signal”) [1].
April 7, 2014.
The law enforcement agencies of the city of Bajo Boquete, based on the information stored in the gadgets, established that the girl did not get in touch on that day [1].
Eighth, ninth and tenth April 2014.
In the subsequently found digital camera Canon SX270 HS, 90 photographs were found, taken on the night of April 8, in the time period from 01:00 to 04:00. Some photos were published [1], [3]. Panamanian police did not find outgoing calls or activations from the only working smartphone during these three days [1].
April 11, 2014. Jungi. Recent signals for help.
Lisanne was dying of hunger and cold, dehydration and painful shock. In these last hours of her life, she was constantly delirious, but sometimes consciousness returned to her. It was at this moment in time at 10 hours 51 minutes that she managed to turn on the smartphone without entering a PIN-code [1], then due to the lack of communication, she turned it off and again plunged into half-oblivion. At 11 hours 56 minutes, the girl turned on the iPhone 4 for the last time, which worked in this mode continuously for one hour and five minutes [1] and turned off. According to the author of the publication, there is only one logical reason explaining this phenomenon - after the second activation of the mobile device, Lisanne lost consciousness and soon died, and the switched on smartphone worked only as long as the energy resource of the battery was enough for it. In the future, there was no one to call, because both girls were dead, and the iPhone 4 and Samsung Galaxy smartphones were discharged. Perhaps this is how the ending of this tragedy could come, due to the fall of young women into the ravine on April 5, 2014.
The search for Chris and Lisanna or the remains of their bodies continued, and soon blue denim shorts were found in the jungle, which, according to the search engines, could belong to Chris [1]. However, it can be argued that there is no certainty that this attribute of women's outerwear was discovered at all, and that it belonged to the missing girl. The evidence is there.
Firstly, according to members of the rescue team, the shorts were found on a large rock near the water stream (by the way, the date of their discovery is still unknown). They were clean, dry and zipped [1], but that's not the point. Really, not a single person from the volunteer squad had a camera or, at least, a mobile phone to photograph this important find. Undoubtedly, the photograph would confirm the fact that evidence was found, and, moreover, would indicate the location of the clothes with reference to a specific area. However, there is no such photo! And this is strange, considering that the expedition was led by an experienced guide, well aware and even warned by the police about the need to record any findings in photo or video materials during search operations.
Secondly, according to the logic, the found thing, of course, should have been handed over to the police for research, and, naturally, law enforcement officers would have photographed the discovered product and carried out its examination. For example, there is a photograph of a backpack and things that were in it, the results of their fingerprinting have been published [1], [7]. However, the investigative materials do not contain a photograph of blue denim shorts, and there is no expert material, at least, a biological analysis on the identity of the evidence to the unfortunate girl.
The third, very serious argument. It’s incredible that Chris, leaving her shorts, could go in search of a trail to return home in only fishnet panties in a jungle jungle filled with flocks of bloodsucking insects and vegetation, the branches and leaves of which would certainly cause painful damage to the unprotected skin of the upper part. delicate female legs.
If this is fake, then the question arises - who and for what purpose was interested in spreading false information? For example, the guide, Feliciano, was suspiciously active in tracking down missing young women he did not know; he coordinated the work of several search groups [1]. It is possible that the discovery of blue denim shorts was falsified by the participants of some rescue expedition by prior conspiracy in order to receive monetary rewards for information about the missing girls.
The further into the jungle, the more firewood (riddles).
When a targeted search for a missing person or a disappeared group of people is carried out, no matter where, in the jungle, in the mountains, in European or North American forests, then professional pathfinders, as a rule, find there various traces of human life. This is what happened on April 10, 2014.
The items were found in the jungle near the village of Los Naranjos, located five kilometers from the town of Bajo Boquete. It can be argued that the police experts rightly came to the same conclusion: the finds are not related to the disappearance of Chris and Lisanne on the basis of the fact that they were found almost at a considerable distance from the Pianista trail (Sendero El Pianista) [22], [23]. Unfortunately, tourists do not always care about preserving the natural environment.
The search for the girls continued, and soon after the discovery of the backpack on June 11, 2014, new evidence was found, giving hope for the disclosure of the tragedy.
Coincidentally or not, both shoes were discovered by the guide Feliciano and his search team [1]. But that's not all. In August 2014, participants in rescue operations found various bone fragments located at a relatively small distance from each other in the vicinity of the Altos dell Romero settlement, where the guide Feliciano owned coffee plantations [1].
All the evidence found, no doubt, proved that the young women were dead. In this regard, further search operations were found inappropriate and therefore the searches were stopped. In October 2014, by decision of the Panamanian judicial authorities, the investigation was closed with a verdict. Chris and Lisanne got lost and died from the effects of natural factors. However, despite this official conclusion, there are still hypotheses about the violent death of girls.
The murder was committed by a sex maniac.
There are numerous studies that are devoted to the phenomenon of a maniac (serial killer). Based on expert data, a conditional classification of such crimes has been developed, and in accordance with it, a fundamental behavioral model of an attacker [25]. A sexual maniac is characterized by an attack only on a lonely victim, usually in the dark, in relatively uninhabited places and in a familiar killer area, which provides him with the ability to quickly and secretly leave the scene of the crime. Such a criminal carries out his actions from the back of the victim so that she cannot see his face. Applies suffocating techniques to deprive the subject of consciousness (grabbing the throat with the hand, a rope, wire or something suitable thrown around the neck); in some cases, the maniac preliminarily strikes the head with a stone, stick or some other object to immobilize a woman. The sexual maniac has a heightened sense of self-preservation, and therefore he always kills the victim and practically leaves no trace, except for his semen. The search for a criminal using this biological evidence often does not lead to a quick and accurate identification of the rapist, and moreover, sometimes innocent people who are sentenced to long terms of imprisonment and even the death penalty suffer due to investigative errors.
Based on the aforementioned signs of sexual assault, let us analyze the behavior of the offender in relation to the disappeared girls. Firstly, this individual would not attack two girls at the same time during the daytime, when there was a possibility that one of the young women could well run away from the killer, and then report the crime to the police, describing the signs of the attacker. Secondly, why would a criminal go to the jungle, where he himself could lose spatial orientation and not find his victims. It would be much easier for this psychopath to attack girls in the city of Bajo Boquete or near the location of the women’s residence when they returned in the evening, for example, from some youth entertainment center or club. And now the most important and irrefutable argument - sexual crimes in this region were not registered either before the appearance of Chris and Lisanne, or after their disappearance, and, in this regard, the version of the maniac generally becomes irrelevant.
Killed to take possession of the girls' organs for sale.
Transplantation (transplantation) of the organs of a deceased person to another person to save his life is an operation that is permissible and strictly regulated by law in many countries of the world community, including Russia [26]. Basic requirements: availability of highly qualified personnel and appropriate medical equipment with the use of permitted preservatives to ensure the safety of the removed organs. To transport organic material to various remote operating centers, a special container is used, powered by power sources to maintain a temperature microclimate in it within 0 - + 4 degrees Celsius. As a rule, the guaranteed period of effective organ transplantation currently does not exceed seventy-four hours [27]. If the storage or transportation conditions are violated, the biological material begins to irreversibly deteriorate and, as a result, its use for the operation is contraindicated.
Let's analyze the possibility of dissecting the bodies of girls in the jungle. Based on the evidence found, Chris and Lisanne disappeared in the inaccessible highlands of Panama on the border of Bocas dell Toro and Chiriqui provinces. [1] A backpack was found near the settlement of Altos dell Romero, which contained belongings of young women [7].
The landscape in the photograph makes a bleak impression. There is absolutely no confidence that there, in 2014, qualified medical workers capable of performing various complex surgical operations could live and work. The settlement of Altos dell Romero and other similar settlements in this region are still not electrified and do not have autonomous installations for generating electrical energy, which is necessary for the operation of special refrigerating chambers that provide conditions for the preservation of biological material. Moreover, in the jungle of this area, in addition to narrow paths known only to local residents, there are no transport communications. In this regard, the delivery of human organic material to medical institutions in various cities of Panama, and even more so outside the borders of this country, could not be carried out in a limited time. No one will pay money for rotten kidneys, liver, spleen and other biological elements of a human corpse.
Based on the analysis of the features of the geographical location and infrastructure of the specified territory, it is permissible to draw an unambiguous conclusion: there were practically no conditions for the extraction of organs from girls in the jungle and their subsequent transit.
Other hypotheses about the disappearance of girls.
Young women were kidnapped by criminals for sale into sexual slavery. Or it was a robbery with the aim of taking possession of Chris and Lisanne's valuables. There is an assumption that the girls in the jungle met with drug couriers, and they destroyed them as unwanted witnesses to the discovery of local drug trafficking.
However, stop fantasies. There is physical evidence that refutes these and any other criminal versions of the murders of Chris and Lisanne in the jungles of Panama. The clues were found in a backpack belonging to young women. [7] They are:
money, smartphones and digital camera.
US $ 83. An attacker or a group of criminal elements would certainly have seized them, but this did not happen and this is the first fact.
Samsung Galaxy smartphones, iPhone 4 and Canon SX270 HS camera in 2014 were modern, expensive gadgets. There is no doubt that they would have been kidnapped by criminals, either for personal use or for the purpose of selling. However, this also did not happen and this is fact No. 2.
Third fact. The found mobile phones and camera were neatly wrapped with duct tape, on the basis of which the police subsequently found three fingerprints. [10] A logical question - why would the murderers of young women fasten these devices in this way and then leave them in their backpacks? Nonsense.
The above arguments convincingly indicate that there are no signs of attacks on girls, either for criminal or other reasons.
By the way, the author of the publication can explain who and for what purpose wrapped the smartphones and the camera with tape. This was done by a woman who found Chris and Lisanne's bag in a rice field near the Altos dell Romero settlement and delivered the find to her home. To exclude the possibility of theft of these items separately by curious neighbors who came to look at the discovered things, and in the minds of some of them such a temptation could well arise, the woman prudently fastened the gadgets with adhesive tape, and did exactly the right thing, thereby ensuring the safety of evidence for the Panamanian police. Thanks to her actions, the investigating authorities subsequently found irrefutable photographic evidence in smartphones confirming the trip of Chris and Lissane to the top of Mount Mirador (Mirador) on April 1, 2014, and in the Canon SX270 HS camera there were ninety photographs taken on the night of April 8, 2014. The police of Panama and experts in the Netherlands, observing the law on the secrecy of the investigation, never provided the media with these photographs, but they still appeared on the Internet and the primary sources that posted them there have not yet been established [1].
Several conclusions can be drawn from the analysis of this photograph. Most likely, the steep slope of the cliff is captured here. The photo is taken in perspective from bottom to top with the camera lens tilting to the right of the vertical, and the plants in the frame confirm this angle, because they grow in the direction of the incoming sunlight from the sky, and, therefore, the dark background in the photo is the night sky. By the way, closer to the top edge of the photograph, you can see something in the form of a faint point of light, most likely similar to a raindrop or a drop of night dew. All the details of this image could have got into the camera lens only if the person who took the picture was in the “lying” position at the bottom of the gorge, and the author of the publication has clues that allow him to confirm this assumption and establish the identity of the photographer.
The maximum capture of the illuminated space by the digital camera Canon SX270 HS is 3.5 meters [15], [16], and on this basis it is possible to estimate in the above photograph the depth of the ravine into which the young women fell - at least three meters. The injuries sustained by both girls during the fall prevented them from standing. One had a broken pelvic bone, the other had a shattered left foot, and these injuries, as the examination later established, had an intravital origin. Further, based on a comparison of the severity of damage to the musculoskeletal system of the human body, it can be argued that Chris suffered the most, and Lisanne still retained the ability to perform minor active actions, and for this reason she could well be the author of night photographs. Evidence. This young woman even tried to capture her face in a photo frame, but the attempt to take a picture of herself with the Canon SX270 HS did not achieve the desired result (there is no “selfie” function in this camera [15], [16]).
Upon closer examination of this image, you can consider:
left sinus (blue arrow), upper lip profile (green arrow), left eye socket (black arrow), tip of the left earlobe (orange arrow) with an earring (red arrow) and the left upper part of the girl's cheekbone ( purple arrow). The anatomically proportional arrangement of these elements relative to each other in the photograph is quite consistent with the facial appearance of a person of the European race. And you can point out the most likely reason that caused Lisanna to cover Chris's face with her hair before taking the photo. It was the photographer's desire to hide this part of the head of the deceased girl, because it was partially disfigured by trauma when falling into a ravine, and possibly distorted by dying cramps, and this is not a sight for the faint of heart.
Most likely, Chris died on April 8, 2014 at about 01:00 a.m. or a little later. Of course, shocked by the death of her friend Lisanne, left alone, without water and food supplies, in wet clothes that caused constant hypothermia of her body, doomed to inevitable death if a miracle did not happen, which never happened, was in a state of hysteria. In desperation, the young woman took a digital camera out of her backpack and began taking photographs.
It is quite obvious that the light round dots are raindrops illuminated by the flash, falling from the night sky (dark shade in the photograph) against the background of vegetation growing over the ravine (greenish shade in the photograph).
And now let us present photographs confirming that Lissane could not stand due to a leg injury and for this reason she took photographs in the “supine” position at the bottom of the gorge, practically without changing her location.
In these photographs, there is a common characteristic fragment for them in the form of a bright illumination, which could arise only in the case of a rain drop hitting the flash screen when photographing in the direction from bottom to top. Anyone who doubts this statement can try to photograph not very heavy rain from a similar angle; anywhere and not necessarily in the jungle, for example, on a plot of land near your house, and do not be afraid to get dirty and wet if you are interested in the result of such an experiment.
Another feature of the presented photographs is the very short time intervals between the taken photographs (from one minute to three minutes). This circumstance allows us to conclude that Lisanne was in a panic state and, as a result, pressed the camera shutter at a feverish pace. This assumption is confirmed by other night photographs taken with a similar time interval from the same angle [1], [3].
Unfortunately, from this detail of the image, it has not yet been possible to establish the place where the photograph was taken.
The girls who fell into the ravine hoped that search parties would search for them and even, perhaps, using the air transport of the rescue service. Chris, due to a broken pelvic bone, could not move at all, and that is why Lissane, overcoming the pain in a shattered foot, attempted to indicate their location in the jungle, using available means for making signal landmarks, which, in her opinion, could well be seen from flight altitudes of search aircraft or helicopters.
Most likely, it is made of fragments of material from a torn red plastic bag, and no doubt they were secured in some way to the branch so that they would not be blown away by an accidental gust of wind. The fact that girls have household containers of exactly this color in their daily economic activities in Panama is confirmed.
“Paper” is most likely a white toilet paper roll unrolled by Lisanne and placed by a girl on the surface of a stone. “Mirror or reflective object” - irregularities along the perimeter of this object unambiguously indicate a metal lid, torn off by Lisanne from a paper tube, in which there was a product like chips. “Strap” is the strap of the backpack, but the main and most of it is not included in the frame.
In addition, Chris and Lisanne took their identity documents and, just in case, a small amount of money on the hike (they were later found inside a travel bag). Based on the presented arguments, it can be concluded that all these items were present in the girls' backpack and some of them were used by Lissane to make distress signals. In fact, this is confirmation that the decision of young women to travel was not spontaneous or frivolous; on the contrary, everything points to a carefully planned hike to the summit of Mount Mirador.
An element of mysticism in this tragic story.
Chris and Lisanne were seriously injured after falling into the ravine and could not get out of it on their own. There, in the gorge, death overtook them. Chris died on the night of April 8th (photo with red hair covering her face). The second girl died on April 11, shortly after turning on the iPhone 4 without entering a PIN code at 11:56 a.m. The activated mobile phone worked for one hour, and, probably, only Lesanne's death did not allow her to turn off this device in time to save the energy potential of the power source, and, in this regard, the smartphone's battery was discharged. If both girls died in a ravine, then, naturally, their backpack should have been in the same place, near the bodies of dead young women. The hiking bag was crafted from a mix of materials in two contrasting colors (as seen in the police photo), and the part labeled “Strap” in the above photo was captured by Lisanne's camera. This circumstance irrefutably indicates the presence of a backpack in the gorge. However, he somehow ended up near the settlement of Altos dell Romero on a flat, dry land plot of a rice plantation. He was found on June 11, 2014 by a woman who worked daily in this rice field [7]. Representatives of the Panamanian police suggested that the backpack was carried there by the stream of the river, which still flows in the vicinity of these agricultural lands. And this police version would be fair if rice in Panama was grown in the same way as it happens in Japan, China and other countries of Southeast Asia, that is, in the cultivated areas constantly or forcibly flooded with water from the river.
There is no need to use river water to constantly moisten the soil in this Latin American country, because the amount of precipitation during the rainy season is quite enough for the growth and maturation of this food product. That is why the travel bag could not be carried to the rice plantation by the stream of the river, and the following arguments provide additional evidence for the statement presented. First, the backpack and the things in it were absolutely dry [7]. Secondly, 34 fingerprints were found on the objects found [7], [10] (river water would certainly have destroyed them). Thirdly, photographic materials of sufficiently good quality were found in the girls' gadgets [1], [3] (there is no doubt that the penetration of moisture into smartphones and a digital camera would lead to the failure of all electronic systems of these devices and to the impossibility get any information from them in the future).
Therefore, the river has nothing to do with the appearance of the girls' backpack in the rice field, and another realistic assumption, devoid of any mystical grounds, arises.
They threw him there!
Based on the location of the found evidence near the settlement of Altos dell Romero, we can make the most likely conclusion that the backpack was planted by a resident of this settlement. He accidentally found the scene of Chris and Lisanne's deaths in the jungle, and peeking into a travel bag out of curiosity, found $ 83, mobile phones, cameras, bras and sunglasses. The desire to appropriate the found things was great, and it prevailed over the mind of this person: money does not smell, gadgets can be sold, and bras and glasses can be donated, for example, to a wife or mistress. It was for this purpose that he stole a backpack, and did not tell anyone about the find. He began to wait until the end of the search for the missing girls in order to safely use the found money and financial profits from the sale of smartphones and a digital camera. However, the investigation into the disappearance of Chris and Lisanne was gaining momentum: the search area expanded, the number of rescue teams increased, and even search dogs were used [1], and when the event caused an international outcry, the robber panicked. If he presents the found backpack to the police, the investigators will force him to point out the place where the girls' hiking bag was found, and there, in the ravine, the bodies or already decomposed remains of dead young women will be found. Of course, he will be accused of deliberately concealing material evidence and of involvement in a murder with the intent of robbery. This individual understood that the Panama court, in order to close a high-profile criminal case as soon as possible, would not go into detailed details of his actions and intentions, and would issue him a death sentence. For a resident of the settlement of Altos dell Romero, difficult times came, and in the mind of this frightened man there was a completely obvious and only solution - to get rid of the backpack.
On the night of June 11, 2014, the loser kidnapper went to a rice field and left there a hiking bag with money, gadgets and other items. In the afternoon, a woman found the backpack. By the way, she told the police that on June 10 he was not at the plantation [7], and this message of her confirms the version that the evidence was planted precisely at night on June 11. Naturally, the perpetrator has not been seen, and therefore the identity of this person from Altos dell Romero has not yet been established. And even if he confessed to the priest on his deathbed that he had stolen Chris and Lissane's backpack, which was a violation of God's eighth commandment "Thou shalt not steal" [32], then the representative of the church, undoubtedly, kept the secret of confession. In this regard, no one will ever know about the sinful act of a dying person, and the name of the sinner will forever remain unknown to the laity.
Discovered human remains are testifying.
Based on DNA analysis, forensic experts established that the found bone fragments belonged to the disappeared young women [1], [10], and this irrefutably confirmed the fact of their death.
Biological materials were found not in one specific place, but scattered in a limited area of the jungle [1]. This circumstance can be explained. For example, the main predators of the fauna of Panama, belonging to the feline family [33], [34], [35], feed on the flesh of the victims of their hunt, but do not hesitate to eat fresh organic remains of animals that died for various reasons, and even the meat of a dead person will not be an exception for them. Therefore, they could easily take away some parts of the bodies of Chris and Lisanne for their quiet eating away from the place of death of the girls. The scattered arrangement of the bones of young women in the jungle makes this possible.
When Chris's pelvic bone was examined, no traces of damage from teeth or fangs of predators were found on it, and an increased content of phosphate was found in the surface layer of the bone tissue of this part of the girl's skeleton [1]. Experts were unable to establish the reasons for the origin of these anomalies, but the answers exist and have objective justification. Felines of Panama are not large in size and their jaws are functionally adapted only to eat away the available soft part of the flesh, but they cannot gnaw or crush large bones. This is why no predator tooth marks were found on Chris's pelvic bone fragment. And then legions of carrion flies rushed to the abandoned remnants of the meal, for which the remaining meat fibers were a source of nutrition and an excellent breeding ground [36]. In such a biological mass, each individual, depending on the species, is capable of laying 120–300 eggs at a time, of which, on average, larvae appear in a day [36]. They actively absorb organic material, ultimately leaving behind absolutely bare bone that does not have any traces of damage, because the larvae have no teeth.
Visually, these creatures are similar to small fat worms of white, yellow or gray color up to twenty millimeters long, and their active swarming in the rotting flesh of a dead person is authentically represented in some horror films.
Fly larvae pass through three stages of development, and in each of them extraintestinal digestion is characteristic of these absorbers [38], [39]. What it is? They release an abundant amount of aggressive digestive mucus into the surrounding biological environment through their outer shell. These secretions ensure the digestion of organic matter with the subsequent absorption of the liquefied substance through the toothless oral cavity of the larvae. In the composition of mucus [40], as well as in human saliva and in his digestive system [41], [42], there are phosphate compounds. They take an active part in the chemical reactions of splitting protein masses, but at the same time they can penetrate at the ionic level into the surface layer of any bone tissue and remain there unchanged for a long time [41], [42]. It is for this reason that an abnormal concentration of phosphates was found in the pelvic part of Chris's skeleton - these are definitely traces of the effect on her bone of phosphate digestive enzymes of carrion fly larvae.
Conclusion.
The main circumstance that contributed to the disappearance of Chris and Lisanne in the jungles of Panama can be summed up very succinctly: “A miser pays twice”. The girls ignored the warnings of local residents about the dangers of unaccompanied excursions and refused paid services of a guide, most likely to save money [1], and for this savings, in the end, they paid with their lives.
At the top of Mount Mirador, due to the lack of a professional guide, the girls made a mistake in choosing the direction to return home. Two hours after this tragic mistake, they realized that they were lost in the jungle. The abundant rainforest vegetation in their places of residence created a screening effect that prevented young women from contacting Panama's emergency services by mobile phones. Subsequently, one of the sections of the trail turned out to be a trap. The thickets of plants hid the edge of the steep ravine from the view of Chris and Lisanne, and the attention of the girls was weakened due to fatigue and panic. Therefore, they unexpectedly fell into a gorge more than three meters deep, receiving serious injuries to the human musculoskeletal system, and which did not allow them to get out of this position. The young women had practically no chance of salvation due to the lack of cellular communication, and the creation of two signal signs about their place of distress was in vain, because the search for the missing girls by aircraft of the Panama Rescue Service was never planned and, therefore, was not carried out. And then physical factors and natural conditions (painful shock from injuries, hunger, dehydration and hypothermia from the night rainfall) finished off the unfortunate women and caused their death. American money, mobile phones and a digital camera, found in the girls' backpack after their death, unequivocally prove that there was no criminal motive for the destruction of Chris and Lessanne (nothing was stolen). The verdict of the Panamanian prosecutor's office on the causes of death of young women in the jungle is beyond doubt - the disaster was an accident.
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© Василий Владимирович Сапожников.
г. Снежинск.
30 апреля 2020 года – 12 июня 2021 года.